Introduction
While testosterone is the most recognized male hormone, andrology encompasses a broader spectrum of endocrine factors that influence male health. Male endocrinology involves a complex interplay of hormones produced by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, testes, adrenal glands, and peripheral tissues.
Key Hormones in Male Health
In addition to testosterone, hormones such as luteinizing hormone, erotic testing, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, estrogen, cortisol, and thyroid hormones play essential roles in spermatogenesis, libido, metabolism, and emotional regulation. Imbalances in these hormones can lead to significant clinical manifestations.
Endocrine Disorders in Andrology
Conditions such as secondary hypogonadism, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid dysfunction, and estrogen excess are increasingly recognized in men. These disorders may present with infertility, erectile dysfunction, fatigue, gynecomastia, or mood disturbances.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations
Accurate diagnosis requires comprehensive hormonal evaluation and clinical correlation. Treatment strategies may include hormone modulation, treatment of underlying systemic disease, or lifestyle intervention.
Conclusion
Andrology extends beyond testosterone management. A holistic understanding of male endocrinology is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment of complex male health disorders.